From David Bolton,
Your Guide to C / C++ / C#.
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Definition: One of the characteristics of computer languages is how strongly typed they are. What happens if you try to assign a numeric variable to a string?

The stricter the compiler is about typing, the less likely you are to get strange behavior or odd crashes. C is not so strictly typed, C++ is stricter and C# strictest of all.

When you declare a variable in a program, you specify its type. This can be int, bool, pointer or string etc.

This tells the compiler how to handle the variable and check for type errors.

Glossary:

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Examples: Index variables should always be declared to be of type int